{"id":16438,"date":"2022-07-01T14:50:56","date_gmt":"2022-07-01T18:50:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maxtorqueperformance.com\/staging\/?p=16438"},"modified":"2022-07-01T16:10:02","modified_gmt":"2022-07-01T20:10:02","slug":"arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-basics-for-performance-enthusiasts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maxtorqueperformance.com\/staging\/index.php\/2022\/07\/01\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-basics-for-performance-enthusiasts\/","title":{"rendered":"ARP Fasteners Explains Metallurgy Basics For Performance Enthusiasts"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"postie-post\">\n<div>\n<header class=\"entry-header clearfix\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;        display: block; margin-bottom: 30px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);        font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style:        normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;        font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align:        start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space:        normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:        0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style:        initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\">\n<div class=\"entry-meta\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-size:          14px;\">\n<div class=\"avatar\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; float: left;            margin-right: 20px; width: 50px; height: 50px;\"><a              href=\"https:\/\/www.enginelabs.com\/author\/toddsilvey\/\"              class=\"author crop crop-image_290_290\" aria-label=\"Todd              Silvey\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:              transparent; color: rgb(51, 122, 183); text-decoration:              none; position: relative; display: block; height: 0px;              padding: 0px 0px 50px; overflow: hidden; border-radius:              50%;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.enginelabs.com\/wp-content\/userphoto\/toddsilvey.thumbnail.jpg\"                alt=\"toddsilvey\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; border:                0px; vertical-align: middle; object-fit: cover; height:                50px; width: 50px;\" width=\"80\"><\/a><\/div>\n<p>          <span class=\"byline\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-top:            15px; display: inline-block; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);\">By<span>\u00a0<\/span><span              class=\"author vcard\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><a                class=\"url fn n\"                href=\"https:\/\/www.enginelabs.com\/author\/toddsilvey\/\"                style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:                transparent; color: rgb(92, 92, 92); text-decoration:                none; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase;\">TODD                SILVEY<\/a><\/span><\/span><span>\u00a0<\/span><span            class=\"posted-on\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; color:            rgb(89, 89, 89); text-transform: uppercase;\">JULY 01, 2022<\/span><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"entry-content\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; color:        rgb(71, 71, 71); font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; position:        relative; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal;        font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;        font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align:        start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space:        normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width:        0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style:        initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 30px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\">        <\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 30px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\">The<span>\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.arp-bolts.com\/\" data-id=\"66\" data-type=\"major\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"box-sizing:            border-box; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(156, 52,            17); text-decoration: underline;\" rel=\"noopener\">Automotive Racing Products            (ARP)<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>staff are pretty darn \u201cgeeky\u201d when it          comes to the science of working\u00a0 with varied metals to give them          certain desired strengths or properties. Here are some key          terminology nuggets from ARP that influence the design and          manufacturing of their product lines.<\/p>\n<section class=\"group-caption group-caption-rendered\"          style=\"box-sizing: border-box; display: block; border: 0px          !important; margin: 10px 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);          max-width: none !important; padding: 0px !important;\">\n<ul class=\"list-attachments thumbnails row-1 clearfix\"            style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding:            0px; display: block; line-height: 24px;\">\n<li class=\"thumbnail col-2\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;              display: block; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;              line-height: 1.42857; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);              border: none; border-radius: 4px; transition: border 0.2s              ease-in-out 0s; float: left; width: 465px; clear: both;\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-28_844140.jpg\"                class=\"group-caption-image-box\"  data-image-mobile=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-28_844140.jpg\"                aria-label=\"ARP Fasteners Explains Metallurgy Basics For                Performance Enthusiasts\"                rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-276306];player=img;\"                style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:                transparent; color: rgb(156, 52, 17); text-decoration:                underline; display: block; padding-right: 5px; border:                0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-28_844140-768x505.jpg\"                  alt=\"\" data-lazy-loaded=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing:                  border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;                  display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin:                  0px; width: 460px;\"><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"thumbnail col-2\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;              display: block; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;              line-height: 1.42857; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);              border: none; border-radius: 4px; transition: border 0.2s              ease-in-out 0s; float: left; width: 465px;\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-01_775722.jpg\"                class=\"group-caption-image-box\"  data-image-mobile=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-01_775722.jpg\"                aria-label=\"ARP Fasteners Explains Metallurgy Basics For                Performance Enthusiasts\"                rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-276306];player=img;\"                style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:                transparent; color: rgb(156, 52, 17); text-decoration:                underline; display: block; padding-right: 5px; border:                0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-01_775722-768x505.jpg\"                  alt=\"\" data-lazy-loaded=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing:                  border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;                  display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin:                  0px; width: 460px;\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;            margin-top: 20px !important; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom:            15px; margin-left: 0px; background: 0px 0px; font-size: 16px;            color: rgb(106, 106, 106); font-weight: 700; padding: 10px            10px 10px 15px; text-align: left; line-height: 24px;            border-left: 4px solid rgb(255, 93, 31);\">Holding everything            together, from your engine\u2019s engine rod bolts to wheel studs,            each can have a specific metallurgical composition for each            different load and cycling application.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:            border-box; font-weight: 700;\">Grain Size\u00a0<\/strong><br            style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">          The importance of a metal\u2019s grain size comes from the ways          different alloys are cooled and form a grain pattern. For          example, grains in cast metals are quite large. Grains can be          refined (made smaller) by first cold working and then by          recrystallizing at high temperature.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\">Smaller grain size equals stronger          metals. Alloy steels, like chrome-moly, do not need any cold          work to do this \u2013 reheat treatment will refine the grain size.          All ARP bolts and studs are of a fine-grain \u2013 usually eight or          finer on the ASTM scale, with 10 being the finest.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:            border-box; font-weight: 700;\">Metal Toughness vs. Brittleness<\/strong><br            style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">          Recognizing the laws of nature concerning steel, as the strength          goes up, the toughness decreases. At too high a strength, the          metal tends to be brittle. And threads accentuate the          brittleness. Tool steel, which can be heat-treated to 350,000          psi, would be a disaster as a bolt because of the threads.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:            border-box; font-weight: 700;\">Modulus of Elasticity<\/strong><br            style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">          Metals are like a spring \u2013 if you double load on them, they will          also stretch to a doubled factor. This metallurgy is important          in connecting rod bolts because we are measuring the load by          measuring the stretch.<\/p>\n<section class=\"group-caption group-caption-rendered\"          style=\"box-sizing: border-box; display: block; border: 0px          !important; margin: 10px 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);          max-width: none !important; padding: 0px !important;\">\n<ul class=\"list-attachments thumbnails row-1 clearfix\"            style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding:            0px; display: block; line-height: 24px;\">\n<li class=\"thumbnail col-3\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;              display: block; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;              line-height: 1.42857; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);              border: none; border-radius: 4px; transition: border 0.2s              ease-in-out 0s; float: left; width: 309.984px;\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-15_643768.jpg\"                class=\"group-caption-image-box\"  data-image-mobile=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-15_643768.jpg\"                aria-label=\"ARP Fasteners Explains Metallurgy Basics For                Performance Enthusiasts\"                rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-276306];player=img;\"                style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:                transparent; color: rgb(156, 52, 17); text-decoration:                underline; display: block; padding-right: 5px; border:                0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-15_643768-310x207.jpg\"                  alt=\"\" data-lazy-loaded=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing:                  border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;                  display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin:                  0px; width: 304.984px;\"><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"thumbnail col-3\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;              display: block; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;              line-height: 1.42857; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);              border: none; border-radius: 4px; transition: border 0.2s              ease-in-out 0s; float: left; width: 309.984px;\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-19_697263.jpg\"                class=\"group-caption-image-box\"  data-image-mobile=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-19_697263.jpg\"                aria-label=\"ARP Fasteners Explains Metallurgy Basics For                Performance Enthusiasts\"                rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-276306];player=img;\"                style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:                transparent; color: rgb(156, 52, 17); text-decoration:                underline; display: block; padding-right: 5px; border:                0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-19_697263-310x207.jpg\"                  alt=\"\" data-lazy-loaded=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing:                  border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;                  display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin:                  0px; width: 304.984px;\"><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"thumbnail col-3\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;              display: block; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;              line-height: 1.42857; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);              border: none; border-radius: 4px; transition: border 0.2s              ease-in-out 0s; float: left; width: 309.984px;\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-39_009897.jpg\"                class=\"group-caption-image-box\"  data-image-mobile=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-39_009897.jpg\"                aria-label=\"ARP Fasteners Explains Metallurgy Basics For                Performance Enthusiasts\"                rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-276306];player=img;\"                style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:                transparent; color: rgb(156, 52, 17); text-decoration:                underline; display: block; padding-right: 5px; border:                0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-39_009897-310x207.jpg\"                  alt=\"\" data-lazy-loaded=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing:                  border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;                  display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin:                  0px; width: 304.984px;\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;            margin-top: 20px !important; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom:            15px; margin-left: 0px; background: 0px 0px; font-size: 16px;            color: rgb(106, 106, 106); font-weight: 700; padding: 10px            10px 10px 15px; text-align: left; line-height: 24px;            border-left: 4px solid rgb(255, 93, 31);\">ARP Fasteners            utilizes the highest tech in metallurgical equipment to            develop product and monitor quality control right down to the            grain structure of the metals.,<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\">The modulus of elasticity of all          alloy steels is the same \u2013 30,000,000 psi. Whether it is          heat-treated or not, this modulus is true \u2013 whether it is a          100,000 psi strength level or 300,000 psi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:            border-box; font-weight: 700;\">What is Chrome?<\/strong><br            style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">          Chrome is the metal chromium best known for chrome plating. It          is also used as an alloy addition to iron to form stainless          steel. Stainless steel must contain at least 12-percent          chromium. These low-chromium steels can still show rust on the          surface. Using 18-percent chromium will make stainless steel          more rust-resistant.\u00a0In fastener applications, stainless exposed          to oxygen at temperatures above 1200 degrees Fahrenheit will          cause the chromium to join the oxygen and leave the surface          depleted in chromium.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:            border-box; font-weight: 700;\">Differences Between 4130 and            8740 Chrome Moly<\/strong><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">          Both metals have chrome-moly (most alloy steels have moly) and          similar chemistry. A 4130 fastener has only .3-percent carbon          and can\u2019t be hardened as high as 8740, which has .4-percent          carbon. Also, 8740 has about .45-percent nickel, and 4130 has          none. The chromium content of 4130 is slightly higher,          .95-percent instead of .55-percent. However, 8740 is generally          considered to have somewhat better toughness due to the nickel.<\/p>\n<section class=\"group-caption group-caption-rendered\"          style=\"box-sizing: border-box; display: block; border: 0px          !important; margin: 10px 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);          max-width: none !important; padding: 0px !important;\">\n<ul class=\"list-attachments thumbnails row-1 clearfix\"            style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding:            0px; display: block; line-height: 24px;\">\n<li class=\"thumbnail col-2\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;              display: block; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;              line-height: 1.42857; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);              border: none; border-radius: 4px; transition: border 0.2s              ease-in-out 0s; float: left; width: 465px; clear: both;\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-23_855480.jpg\"                class=\"group-caption-image-box\"  data-image-mobile=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-23_855480.jpg\"                aria-label=\"ARP Fasteners Explains Metallurgy Basics For                Performance Enthusiasts\"                rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-276306];player=img;\"                style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:                transparent; color: rgb(156, 52, 17); text-decoration:                underline; display: block; padding-right: 5px; border:                0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-23_855480-768x505.jpg\"                  alt=\"\" data-lazy-loaded=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing:                  border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;                  display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin:                  0px; width: 460px;\"><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"thumbnail col-2\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;              display: block; padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;              line-height: 1.42857; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);              border: none; border-radius: 4px; transition: border 0.2s              ease-in-out 0s; float: left; width: 465px;\"><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-06_442894.jpg\"                class=\"group-caption-image-box\"  data-image-mobile=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-06_442894.jpg\"                aria-label=\"ARP Fasteners Explains Metallurgy Basics For                Performance Enthusiasts\"                rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-276306];player=img;\"                style=\"box-sizing: border-box; background-color:                transparent; color: rgb(156, 52, 17); text-decoration:                underline; display: block; padding-right: 5px; border:                0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.speednik.com\/files\/2022\/06\/arp-fasteners-explains-metallurgy-for-the-non-engineer-2022-06-30_13-46-06_442894-768x505.jpg\"                  alt=\"\" data-lazy-loaded=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing:                  border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;                  display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin:                  0px; width: 460px;\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-caption-text\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;            margin-top: 20px !important; margin-right: 5px; margin-bottom:            15px; margin-left: 0px; background: 0px 0px; font-size: 16px;            color: rgb(106, 106, 106); font-weight: 700; padding: 10px            10px 10px 15px; text-align: left; line-height: 24px;            border-left: 4px solid rgb(255, 93, 31);\">The importance of            load characteristics derived from measuring the stretch of a            given size and configuration bolt will indicate how much load            is stretching the bolt.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:            border-box; font-weight: 700;\">Common Fastener Failures<\/strong><br            style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">          The most common cause of a connecting rod and wheel stud failure          is too little induced load (stretch) during installation. This          induced load allows the alternating load to impose a cyclic          loading on the bolt. Overtightening a fastener is another cause          of failure because the induced stress is too close to the yield          point.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\">When you decide upon various          fasteners for performance and racing applications, knowing the          more common terms can help you make the proper decisions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding:          0px 20px; line-height: 24px;\">The ARP fasteners catalog is not          only filled with pages of various fasteners comprised of          different metals, but it can also become a classroom-style          textbook for learning exactly why different metal alloys are          used for varied fasteners.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By\u00a0TODD SILVEY\u00a0JULY 01, 2022 The\u00a0Automotive Racing Products (ARP)\u00a0staff are pretty darn \u201cgeeky\u201d when it comes to the science of working\u00a0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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